Tenses · Advanced
Ngữ pháp 9/9 - Conditionals: Zero, First & Second
Nắm chắc câu điều kiện loại 0, 1 và 2.
- Lý thuyết
- 16 chủ điểm
- Bài tập
- 118 câu
Phần 1
Lý thuyết trọng tâm
Đọc các cấu trúc và bẫy thường gặp trước khi chuyển sang phần bài tập.
1. Zero Conditional (Câu điều kiện loại 0)
Công thức
If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + V(hiện tại đơn)
If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.
Cách dùng
- Chân lý khoa học, quy luật tự nhiên: If ice is exposed to heat, it melts. Nếu đá gặp nhiệt, nó tan chảy.
- Thói quen, sự việc luôn đúng: If I drink coffee at night, I cannot sleep. Nếu tôi uống cà phê buổi tối thì không ngủ được.
- Hướng dẫn, quy định: If the alarm rings, leave the building immediately. Nếu chuông báo cháy kêu, hãy rời tòa nhà ngay.
MẸO
Trong loại 0 có thể thay if bằng when mà nghĩa gần như không đổi, vì cả hai đều nói về điều luôn xảy ra.
2. First Conditional (Câu điều kiện loại 1)
Công thức
If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will + V(bare)
If we invest in renewable energy, emissions will fall.
Cách dùng
- Điều kiện có thật, có khả năng xảy ra trong tương lai: If you study hard, you will pass. Nếu bạn học chăm, bạn sẽ đỗ.
- Cảnh báo, đe dọa: If you do not hurry, you will miss the bus.
- Đề nghị, hứa hẹn: If you help me, I will buy you dinner.
Các biến thể của mệnh đề chính
Có thể thay will bằng: can, may, might, should, must, be going to, hoặc câu mệnh lệnh. Ví dụ: If you feel unwell, you should see a doctor. If you see him, tell him to call me.
LƯU Ý
Tuyệt đối không dùng will trong mệnh đề If. Sai: If it will rain, we will cancel. Đúng: If it rains, we will cancel.
Các liên từ thay thế cho if
Đối chiếu cấu trúc, sắc thái và ví dụ sử dụng.
| Liên từ | Nghĩa | Ví dụ |
|---|---|---|
| unless | trừ khi, tương đương if not | Unless we act now, the situation will worsen. |
| as long as / so long as | miễn là | You can borrow it as long as you return it tomorrow. |
| provided that / providing that | với điều kiện là | Provided that funds are available, the project will start. |
| in case | phòng khi | Take an umbrella in case it rains. |
| on condition that | với điều kiện | He was released on condition that he reported weekly. |
| even if | ngay cả khi | Even if it rains, the match will go ahead. |
LƯU Ý
unless đã mang nghĩa phủ định nên không dùng thêm not. Sai: Unless you do not hurry. Đúng: Unless you hurry.
3. Second Conditional (Câu điều kiện loại 2)
Công thức
If + S + V(quá khứ đơn), S + would + V(bare)
If I had more time, I would learn another language.
Cách dùng
- Giả định trái ngược với hiện tại: If I were rich, I would travel the world. Nếu tôi giàu, tôi sẽ đi khắp thế giới - thực tế là tôi không giàu.
- Tình huống rất khó xảy ra trong tương lai: If I won the lottery, I would buy a house.
- Đưa lời khuyên lịch sự: If I were you, I would accept the offer. Nếu tôi là bạn, tôi sẽ nhận lời.
were cho mọi ngôi
Trong điều kiện loại 2, dùng were cho tất cả các ngôi trong văn viết trang trọng: If he were here, he would help. Dạng was cũng được chấp nhận trong văn nói nhưng were chuẩn hơn trong bài thi.
THÔNG TIN
Mệnh đề chính có thể dùng could hoặc might thay would để giảm mức độ chắc chắn: If we reduced emissions, the climate might stabilise.
Phần 2
Làm ra vở - Chụp lên Zalo
Chọn đáp án đúng cho mỗi câu.
Tiến độ làm bài
Đã trả lời0/118 câu
x
Câu 1
If you mix red and blue, you ___ purple.
Câu 2
Plants ___ if they don't get water.
Câu 3
If it ___ below zero, water freezes.
Câu 4
If you heat ice, it ___.
Câu 5
If you don't water plants, they ___.
Câu 6
Ice ___ when the temperature rises above zero.
Câu 7
If you drop a glass, it usually ___.
Câu 8
Metal ___ when it is heated to a high temperature.
Câu 9
If the sun ___ , plants cannot photosynthesize.
Câu 10
Bread ___ mouldy if you leave it out too long.
Câu 11
If you heat oil enough, it ___ .
Câu 12
Water ___ into steam at 100 degrees Celsius.
Câu 13
If people ___ enough sleep, they become irritable.
Câu 14
Wood ___ when you put it in water for a long time.
Câu 15
If you don't practice a language, you ___ it.
Câu 16
Iron ___ when it is exposed to moisture over time.
Câu 17
If you touch fire, you ___ burned.
Câu 18
Milk ___ sour if it is left out of the fridge too long.
Câu 19
If the moon passes between the sun and Earth, a solar eclipse ___ .
Câu 20
Seeds ___ if they don't receive enough sunlight.
Câu 21
If you don't exercise regularly, your muscles ___ weaker.
Câu 22
If salt ___ into water, it dissolves.
Câu 23
Objects ___ when you drop them due to gravity.
Câu 24
If you don't eat, you ___ hungry.
Câu 25
Bread ___ if you leave it in a toaster too long.
Câu 26
If children ___ vegetables, they grow up healthier.
Câu 27
Glass ___ if you drop it on a hard floor.
Câu 28
If you don't charge your phone, the battery ___ .
Câu 29
Fruit ___ if it isn't refrigerated in hot weather.
Câu 30
If the temperature drops below freezing, water ___ .
Câu 31
Paper ___ easily if it gets wet.
Câu 32
If you don't lock the door, anyone ___ enter.
Câu 33
Leaves ___ color in autumn.
Câu 34
If you overwater a plant, its roots ___ .
Câu 35
Metal ___ if it stays in salty water for a long time.
Câu 36
If you don't practice a skill, you ___ it over time.
Câu 37
Butter ___ when left at room temperature.
Câu 38
If plants don't get enough light, they ___ toward the window.
Câu 39
Sound ___ faster through water than through air.
Câu 40
If she ___ hard, she will pass the exam.
Câu 41
If they arrive early, we ___ dinner together.
Câu 42
I will call you if I ___ any news.
Câu 43
If it ___ tomorrow, the match will be cancelled.
Câu 44
If you don't hurry, you ___ the bus.
Câu 45
She will be upset if you ___ her party.
Câu 46
If we leave now, we ___ there before dark.
Câu 47
He won't get the job if he ___ well in the interview.
Câu 48
If you heat the mixture, it ___ react faster.
Câu 49
I ___ surprised if she doesn't come to the party.
Câu 50
If the weather improves, we ___ a picnic.
Câu 51
Unless you apologize, she ___ to you.
Câu 52
If he ___ the deadline, he'll lose the contract.
Câu 53
You will feel better if you ___ some rest.
Câu 54
If they don't fix the road, more accidents ___ .
Câu 55
She will call you as soon as she ___ home.
Câu 56
If it snows tonight, the roads ___ dangerous.
Câu 57
We'll miss the flight if we ___ leave now.
Câu 58
If you ask him nicely, he ___ help you.
Câu 59
She won't be able to sleep if she ___ coffee this late.
Câu 60
If the price drops, more people ___ the product.
Câu 61
If you don't hurry up, we ___ the train.
Câu 62
She won't come to the party if you ___ her rudely.
Câu 63
If we plant these seeds now, they ___ by summer.
Câu 64
I'll be upset if he ___ to my birthday party.
Câu 65
If you save money regularly, you ___ enough for the trip.
Câu 66
She will be thrilled if she ___ the scholarship.
Câu 67
If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we ___ to the beach.
Câu 68
I won't be surprised if she ___ the job offer.
Câu 69
If they train hard enough, they ___ the championship.
Câu 70
You'll feel much better if you ___ some fresh air.
Câu 71
If she doesn't apologize, he ___ to her.
Câu 72
If we book the tickets now, we ___ a better deal.
Câu 73
I'll call you as soon as I ___ home.
Câu 74
If you don't back up your files, you ___ them.
Câu 75
She'll finish on time if she ___ working now.
Câu 76
If the store is closed, we ___ somewhere else.
Câu 77
I won't finish the report if I ___ interrupted again.
Câu 78
If you ask nicely, she ___ you the information.
Câu 79
They won't make it on time if the flight ___ delayed.
Câu 80
If I ___ you, I would accept the offer.
Câu 81
She would help you if she ___ more time.
Câu 82
If we ___ a car, we would drive to the coast.
Câu 83
What would you do if you ___ a million dollars?
Câu 84
If he ___ harder, he would get better grades.
Câu 85
She would travel more if she ___ more free time.
Câu 86
If I ___ in your position, I would resign immediately.
Câu 87
We would buy that house if it ___ so expensive.
Câu 88
If they lived closer, we ___ them more often.
Câu 89
I would feel much better if I ___ this headache.
Câu 90
If she spoke French, she ___ get the job in Paris.
Câu 91
He would be happier if he ___ his own business.
Câu 92
If I ___ how to swim, I would join you at the beach.
Câu 93
We wouldn't worry so much if we ___ enough savings.
Câu 94
If you were me, what ___ you do?
Câu 95
She would move abroad if her family ___ to come with her.
Câu 96
If I ___ taller, I would try out for the basketball team.
Câu 97
They would understand if you ___ them the truth.
Câu 98
If he ___ less, he would have more energy during the day.
Câu 99
We would go camping this weekend if the weather ___ better.
Câu 100
If she ___ more confident, she would speak up in meetings.
Câu 101
He would buy a new car if he ___ enough money.
Câu 102
If I ___ fluent in Japanese, I would apply for that job.
Câu 103
She would be less stressed if she ___ her time better.
Câu 104
If we ___ closer to the city, we would visit more often.
Câu 105
He would feel better if he ___ more sleep.
Câu 106
If they ___ the rules, they wouldn't get in trouble.
Câu 107
She would travel the world if she ___ unlimited funds.
Câu 108
If he ___ harder at school, he would have better opportunities.
Câu 109
We would move abroad if the opportunity ___ itself.
Câu 110
If I ___ you, I wouldn't worry about it so much.
Câu 111
She would help more people if she ___ a bigger platform.
Câu 112
If he ___ his temper, he would have more friends.
Câu 113
We wouldn't be lost if we ___ the map.
Câu 114
If she ___ earlier, she wouldn't be so tired.
Câu 115
He would enjoy the trip more if he ___ so anxious.
Câu 116
If we ___ a bigger budget, we could hire more staff.
Câu 117
She would be happier if her job ___ less demanding.
Câu 118